Stable concentrated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions were prepared and their application for heavy oil pipeline transportation was investigated using very viscous Malaysian heavy crude oil. Two Malaysian heavy crude oil samples, Tapis and a blend of Tapis and Masilla, were used to produce heavy crude oil-in-water emulsions. The diverse factors affecting the properties and stability of emulsions were investigated. There was a restricted limit of 68 vol. % and 72 vol. % for crude oil content in the emulsions, and beyond that limit, the emulsion underwent phase inversion. The study revealed that the stability of the oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by Triton X-100 increases as the surfactant concentration increases, with a subsequent decrease in the crude oil-water interfacial tension (IFT). Increasing the oil content, the speed and duration of mixing, the salt concentration and the pH of the aqueous phase of the emulsion; resulted in increased emulsion stability, while increases in the temperature of the homogenization process substantially reduced the viscosity of the prepared emulsions.
| Autorius: | Abdurahman H. Nour, Chew Fern Tan, Azhari H. Nour, |
| Leidėjas: | LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing |
| Išleidimo metai: | 2012 |
| Knygos puslapių skaičius: | 168 |
| ISBN-10: | 3848404583 |
| ISBN-13: | 9783848404582 |
| Formatas: | Knyga minkštu viršeliu |
| Kalba: | Anglų |
| Žanras: | Email: consumer / user guides |
Parašykite atsiliepimą apie „Characterization, demulsification and transportation of heavy crude oil: Pipeline trasportation; emulsion stability; demulsification; droplet size; shear stress & shear rate“
