Japanese martial arts terms: Wakizashi, Ninja, Sumo, Bushido, Shuriken, Dojo, Kiai, Randori, Tenkan, Irimi, Obi, Jujutsu, Mudra, Dan, Aikido techniques, List of judo techniques, Bo, Karate stances, Kata, Tekko, Tsuki, Aikido concepts, Aiki-jo, Budo, Dojo

Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 110. Chapters: Wakizashi, Ninja, Sumo, Bushido, Shuriken, Dojo, Kiai, Randori, Tenkan, Irimi, Obi, Jujutsu, Mudra, Dan, Aikido techniques, List of judo techniques, Bo, Karate stances, Kata, Tekko, Tsuki, Aikido concepts, Aiki-jo, Budo, Dojo kun, Kunai, Bogu, Koga-ryu, Sensei, Kenpo, Dantian, Mushin, Koryu, Hachiwara, Aiki-ken, Keikogi, List of kyokushin techniques, Kirikaeshi, Bunkai, Niju kun, Zanshin, Chudan-no-kamae, Shuhari, Jo-ha-kyu, Muga-mushin, Knifehand strike, Gendai budo, Kihon, Mawashi geri, Jodan-no-kamae, Nodachi, Iga-ryu, Heya, Maai, Ippon, Kuji-kiri, Atemi, Kamiza, Kensei, Tai sabaki, Uke, Kunoichi, Kizeme, Shishikan Karate Jutsu, Uchi-deshi, Menkyo, Taijutsu, Gedan barai, Hasso-no-kamae, Shihan, Hachiji dachi, Kuzushi, Shidachi, Uchidachi, Waza-ari, Fudoshin, Metsubushi, Suburi, Waki-gamae, Mokuroku, Gedan-no-kamae, Tekagi-shuko, Doshu, Kappo, Shodan, Enpi, Shinbu, Shoshin, Oshikiuchi, Shinobi-iri, Age-uke, Tori, Nafudakake, Soto uke, Musha shugyo, Ura nage, Shisho, Makibishi, Kime, Tanju, Tsuba no giri, Tojutsu, Seifukujutsu, Jinba ittai, Seme, Choho, Mokuso, Toma, Suijutsu, Kuwa, Tantojutsu, Hara. Excerpt: Sumo sumo) is a competitive full-contact sport where a wrestler (rikishi) attempts to force another wrestler out of a circular ring (dohyo) or to touch the ground with anything other than the soles of the feet. The sport originated in Japan, the only country where it is practiced professionally. It is generally considered to be a gendai budo (a modern Japanese martial art), though this definition is incorrect as the sport has a history spanning many centuries. Many ancient traditions have been preserved in sumo, and even today the sport includes many ritual elements, such as the use of salt purification, from the days when sumo was used in the Shinto religion. Life as a rikishi is highly regimented, with rules laid down by the Sumo Association. Most sumo wrestlers are required to live in communal "sumo training stables" known in Japanese as heya where all aspects of their daily lives¿from meals to their manner of dress¿are dictated by strict tradition. In addition to its use as a trial of strength in combat, sumo has also been associated with Shinto ritual, and even certain shrines carry out forms of ritual dance where a human is said to wrestle with a kami (a Shinto divine spirit). It was an important ritual at the imperial court. Representatives of each province were ordered to attend the contest at the court and fight. They were required to pay for their travels themselves. The contest was known as sumai no sechie, or "sumai party." Sumo wrestler Somagahana Fuchiemon, c. 1850Over the rest of Japanese recorded history, sumo's popularity has changed according to the whims of its rulers and the need for its use as a training tool in periods of civil strife. The form of wrestling combat probably changed gradually into one where the main aim in victory was to throw one's opponent. The concept of pushing one's opponent out of a defined area came some time later. Also, it is believed that a ring, defined as something other than simply the area given to the wrestlers by