Pames, Jonaces, and Franciscans in the Sierra Gorda: Mecos and Missionaries

Product Description

In the mid-sixteenth century, the Spanish faced a prolonged conflict in Mexico known as the Chichimeca War (15501600) beyond the porous cultural frontier between the sedentary indigenous populations of central Mexico and the bands of nomadic hunters and gatherers collectively known by the derogatory Náhuatl term Chichimeca or Mecos. Franciscan, Dominican, and Augustinian missionaries developed methods and an organizational scheme to evangelize the sedentary populations of central Mexico, but this did not work well beyond the Chichimeca frontier where missions often proved to be ephemeral. Moreover, the missionaries uncovered evidence of the persistence of pre-Hispanic religious beliefs as they also did in central Mexico. In many cases, the missionaries focused their attention on the colonies of sedentary indigenous peoples established beyond the frontier. This study outlines efforts over more than 200 years to evangelize the Pames and Jonaces in a huge territory known as the Sierra Gorda that covered parts of the modern states of Querétaro, Hidalgo, Estado de Mexico, Guanajuato, and San Luis Potosi, and involved Franciscan, Dominican, Augustinian, and Jesuit missionaries. It documents the last missionary impulse spurred by the project of José de Escandón and a new group of Franciscan missionaries to get the Pames and Jonaces to adopt a sedentary lifestyle after two centuries of failed efforts.

About the Author

Robert H. Jackson received his doctorate in 1988 from the University of California, Berkeley with a specialization in Latin American History. He is an independent scholar living in Mexico City, with research interests including liberalism and land tenure in the Andean region, historical demography, the colonial caste system in Spanish America, and missions on the frontiers of Spanish America and central Mexico. His most recent books include Conflict and Conversion in Sixteenth Century Central Mexico: The Augustinian War on and Beyond the Chichimeca Frontier (2013), Visualizing the Miraculous, Visualizing the Sacred: Evangelization and the Cultural War in Sixteenth Century Mexico (2014), Demographic Change and Ethnic Survival Among The Sedentary Populations On The Jesuit Mission Frontiers of Spanish South America, 16091803: The Formation and Persistence of Mission Communities in a Comparative Context (2015), and A Visual Catalog of Sixteenth Century Central Mexican Doctrinas (2016) written with Fernando Esparragoza Amador.